What is the effect of weight distribution on a ship's stability?

The correct answer highlights that improper weight distribution can indeed lead to capsizing, which is a critical concept in naval engineering and ship operations. Stability in a ship is largely influenced by how weight is distributed throughout the vessel. When weight is unevenly distributed, it can cause the center of gravity to shift significantly, which may destabilize the ship.

If the center of gravity becomes too high or is not aligned properly with the center of buoyancy, the ship may not be able to return to an upright position after being tilted. This situation can create a moment where the ship can capsize, especially in rough seas or when turning sharply.

In contrast, the other options suggest that weight distribution is either irrelevant or only significant under specific conditions, which neglects the fundamental principles of stability in marine operations. Understanding and managing weight distribution is crucial for maintaining a vessel's safety and operational effectiveness, emphasizing the importance of proper ballast and cargo management.