What is a conductor in the context of electrical engineering?

In the context of electrical engineering, a conductor refers to a material that facilitates the flow of electrical current. This property is primarily due to the presence of free electrons that can move easily within the material. Conductors, such as copper and aluminum, are essential components in electrical circuits, as they allow electricity to flow without significant resistance. This characteristic makes them critical in various applications, from power transmission to circuit design. Understanding the nature of conductors is fundamental to managing electrical systems effectively, as they directly affect the efficiency and performance of these systems.