What does the term "draft" refer to in nautical terms?

In nautical terms, "draft" refers to the vertical distance from the waterline to the bottom of the hull (keel). This measurement is crucial because it indicates how deep the ship sits in the water, which affects its stability, buoyancy, and ability to navigate through various bodies of water. A vessel's draft is an essential consideration for safe navigation, particularly in shallow waters or when entering harbors, as it helps prevent the ship from running aground. Understanding draft is vital for any officer involved in ship operations, as it not only impacts the design and construction of the vessel but also informs decisions about loading conditions and safe passage routes.