What distinguishes heat stroke from heat exhaustion?

Heat stroke and heat exhaustion are both heat-related conditions that occur due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures, but they differ significantly in their severity and symptoms.

The defining factor that distinguishes heat stroke from heat exhaustion is the presence of high body temperature. In the case of heat stroke, the body temperature typically rises to 104°F (40°C) or higher, which can lead to serious complications such as damage to vital organs and can be life-threatening. This elevation in body temperature occurs because the body's heat-regulating mechanisms become overwhelmed and fail to function properly, leading to a lack of physiological response.

In contrast, individuals suffering from heat exhaustion may have elevated body temperatures, but they are usually less severe and do not surpass 104°F. Symptoms of heat exhaustion primarily include heavy sweating, weakness, and cool, clammy skin, which are often due to an electrolyte imbalance and dehydration.

Overall, the presence of high body temperature in heat stroke is a critical indicator that distinguishes it from heat exhaustion, underscoring the emergency nature of heat stroke compared to the more manageable symptoms of heat exhaustion.